Simplify milling progress registration workflow

[tieneupin]

Housekeeping PR based on design principles established as part of PR #899. Removes the use of nested try-except blocks in the workflow and lets the feedback_callback function handle raised exceptions and database session closure.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 84.00000% with 4 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 55.14%. Comparing base (ae7931a) to head (9b91211).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #902      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   55.12%   55.14%   +0.02%     
==========================================
  Files         103      103              
  Lines       11559    11531      -28     
  Branches     1533     1532       -1     
==========================================
- Hits         6372     6359      -13     
+ Misses       4843     4829      -14     
+ Partials      344      343       -1     

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